Updated:November 5, 2022Von Steve
Mosquitto is a very lightweight broker and a Raspberry Pi can easily handle MQTT traffic on clients in smart home networks.
Mosquitto is not installed by default, so you must install it.
installation steps
First get repository key
wget http://repo.mosquitto.org/debian/mosquitto-repo.gpg.keysudo apt-key agregar mosquitto-repo.gpg.key
Then make the repository available:
cd /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
So, depending on the version of Debian you are using:
sudo wget http://repo.mosquitto.org/debian/mosquitto-jessie.list
sudo wget http://repo.mosquitto.org/debian/mosquitto-stretch.list
sudo wget http://repo.mosquitto.org/debian/mosquitto-buster.list
sudo wget http://repo.mosquitto.org/debian/mosquitto-bullseye.list
To check which version you are using
cat /etc/os-release
Then update the apt information:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install moskito
sudo apt-get install mosquito clients
For Windows and Linux, seeit's tutorialon my other side
Starting and configuring Mosquitto
Setup installs Mosquitto as a service that automatically starts and tunes to port 1883.
If you need to change the configuration, the configuration file is calledmosquito.confand is in/etc/mosquitomaps
Mosquitto can also be controlled on the Pi
systemctl command. You can modify, start and restart the service with .
sudo systemctl stop mosquitto.servicesudo systemctl start mosquitto.servicesudo systemctl restart mosquitto.service
More details like B. how to run multiple instances, change port, etc. see my other websiteon here.
Run Mosquitto Manually
When testing, you will find it very useful to run mosquitto manually from the command line.
The first step is to stop mosquitoes using:
sudo systemctl stoppt mosquitto.service
Then you can start with:
mosquito -v #start in verbose mode
The -v option displays detailed log information. Other command line options are:
- -p port number
- -c config file
examples
To start Mosquitto with a test configuration file, use
mosquito -c test.conf
To start Mosquitto with port 1884, use
Mosquito -p 1884
Testing the installation
If you followed the installation instructions, you also installed the Mosquitto trial clientsmosquito_pubymosquito_sub.
You can use these clients to test your Mosquitto installation.
The first step is to subscribe to a topic and then post a message about that topic, which you should see in the subscription client.
So first open two command prompts in one type.
mosquito_sub -h localhost -t teste -d
not second type
mosquito_pub -h localhost -t test -m message
You should see the message in the signature window.
Related tutorials and resources:
- Smart Homes and MQTT
- Configuring networking on the Raspberry Pi
- How to tell which version of PI you are using
- 10 Useful Linux Network Commands (Raspberry Pi)
- Configuring networking on the Raspberry Pi
Please let me know if you found it helpful.
[No total:10Average:4.5]
First, thank you for the effort you've put into these guides. You have been a great help. My initial "toy" setups worked fine and easily. Then it's time to add the security and deployment version.
I have struggled with inscrutable errors, permission errors for pid and log and conf files.
After a few days of fixing the errors by opening the PID and log files of all users and groups, I noticed that in my actual config file I had specified "user mosquito" in the config file for the first time. When I looked at the permissions on /etc/mosquitto and all its contents, the owner and group was root. The same applies to the default permissions for the PID and log files.
I find that when installed all Moskito files and directories are rooted to owner and group. At least half a dozen clean reinstalls I've done have this. So, little by little, I fixed the permissions for the "mosquito" user.
For security reasons, I want the Mosquitto user to run and own the program and its files. Is there a clean, non-bulky way to do this? I would prefer the Mosquitto program's execution and files to be owned by the Mosquitto user, so they don't have to be owned by "pi" or "root" with the higher access levels that go with that.answers
Setup must set the correct permissions. I've installed it on multiple Pis and haven't encountered any permission issues.
You get one when you create a mosquito on the command line. Is that what you do? If so, set the database PID and location to your local folder and it will work fine.
Owner
Steveanswers
I tried installing packages with apt-get and with the Synaptics package manager. Both have the same issues as a manual command line install. They work when I mean originals, they have problems when I start retouching.
I think I found the root of the problem without fixing anything. I read the mosquitto.conf man page for the 47th time and looked at the section on how to specify a user.
I set the user line to "mosquito user". This is of course the default, but I have a personal habit of explicitly defining defaults that I will rely on. When I commented out that line, everything was fine and everything worked. Uncommenting to set the user to "mosquito" brought back the permission issues. I haven't looked at the source code to be sure, but I believe from the mosquitto.conf man page that mosquitto performs permissions and user gymnastics whenever there is a setting there.
I searched extensively for references to this permission issue and none of the references were "Create the files and set the permissions". The real solution for inexperienced users (... like me) is probably NOT changing user parameters in the config file.(Video) Pi Guide - Raspberry Pi as a MQTT Broker | Install Mosquitto on Raspberry Pianswers
ola
As I mentioned before, when running as a background service, no permission changes are required, at least I didn't.
However, changing file locations in the configuration file causes permission issues.
Rgds
Steveanswers
Thanks for this tutorial!
The only downside I found was the gpg. The command
sudo apt-key add mosquitto-repo.gpg.key
generates a warning "apt-key is deprecated. Manage keyring files in Trusted.gpg.d instead."
I used a solution I found on another site where gpg imported the .key file, then exported the gpg file and put the file in Trusted.gpg.d, but it doesn't seem to be the "correct" way, although it works. 🇧🇷
It would be great if you could take a look.
Jeroenanswers
it worked for me
update sudo apt
sudo apt install -y mosquitto mosquitto-clientsanswers
Hello, I have MQTT installed on RPI 4 and 4g, installed on Docker with the allow_anonymous listener they say is running, but there is an error address that is not available. Is there a solution as I can't find one when searching the web for a solution that caused me to switch to eclipse 1.6 image? Is this a solution?
I hope you can help?answers
It looks like a port problem and not a mosquito problem. Make sure no other instances of mosquitto are running.
Rgds
Steveanswers
Hi!
First thanks for the great guide. There is a lot of information available, but most of it is out of date.
I have the same problem as John, a clean install of Homebridge and Mosquitto gave me V2.0.9.
From this moment on, MQT communication no longer works.
MQT: connection attempt...
MQT: connection failed, rc -2. Try again in 60 secondsI commented out my old setup (V1) and left your suggestion but still no connection:
allow_anonymous verdadero
Password date /etc/mosquitto/passwd
listeners 1883Any other ideas on how to fix this?
Thanks in advance!
cris(Video) Raspberry Pi install mosquitto MQTT brokeranswers
Remove the line from the password file unless you are using passwords. If you use passwords, remove the allow_anonymous line.
answers
First of all thank you for all of this. NB: The following is likely a specific date: March 5, 2021.
I'm testing things out on multiple Raspberry Pis, with the runner installed on an old Model B running as a NAS, then posting MQTT from an Rpi 400 to the kitchen table (probably not a one-time setup). Everything works fine until I get to the websockets tutorial - the problem is finding examples of a local config file. As far as I can see, Mosquitto doesn't have a default config file, you must create your own.
On pins, sudo apt install mosquitto mosquitto-clients after upgrade and full upgrade installs mosquitto version 1.5. So I followed the install instructions above (I'm running Buster) to see if I could get v1.6. However, I now have version 2.0.8 which works fine when I try to subscribe and post via two terminal windows on the NAS. However, my Python script (using your instructions) on the Pi kitchen table (which worked fine) now says "socket.error: [Errno 111] Connection Reweed" when I try to make a client.connect connection
This is most likely a broker configuration issue. I'm currently trying to figure this out and I'm assuming I'll have to come up with my own setup. Perhaps Mosquitto v 2 is a bit more demanding on permissions?
Thanks again and any help is greatly appreciated.
Johnanswers
Mosquitto 2's default configuration is more secure than a basic configuration file so it will continue to function as in previous versions.
listeners 1883
allow_anonymous verdaderoJust create this simple file and copy it to /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf as mosquitto.conf
o utilícelo al manually start Mosquitto as
mosquito -c conffile
rgds
Steveanswers
This only installs an updated 1.6.x series on the Raspberry Pi, but 2.0.x on Ubuntu.
I'm having trouble getting one broker to send issues to another on the 1.6.x series (random socket errors and reconnect difficulty) which seems to work on the 2.0.x series on Ubuntu, but I'd really like to use the Pi.answers
I don't think v2 is still available for the Pi as it's a different chipset. I didn't see any socket errors on the Pi, how do you test?
rgds
Steve(Video) install mosquitto on raspberry pianswers
I installed Moskitto on a new Raspberry Pi on March 11, 2021 using the method provided here and (without doing anything special) got version 2.0.9. Of course, v2 is already available on Raspbian.
I also updated an existing Raspberry Pi running Moskito 1.6.12 to 2.0.9 following the order listed above:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install moskito
sudo apt-get install mosquito clientsanswers
Thanks, this method only worked for me to install Mosquitto on Rpi 3.
answers
I think your second test window should have `mosquitto_pub -h localhost -t test -m message`
answers
yes i changed
Rgds
Steveanswers
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